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Silicon
Valley (Wikipedia)





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Silicon
Valley is a region in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern
California that serves as a global center for high technology and innovation.
It corresponds roughly to the geographical Santa Clara Valley. San Jose is Silicon
Valley's largest city, the third-largest in California, and the tenth-largest
in the United States; other major Silicon Valley cities include Sunnyvale, Santa
Clara, Redwood City, Mountain View, Palo Alto, Menlo Park, and Cupertino. The
San Jose Metropolitan Area has the third-highest GDP per capita in the world (after
Zurich, Switzerland and Oslo, Norway), according to the Brookings Institution. The
word "silicon" in the name originally referred to the large number of
innovators and manufacturers in the region specializing in silicon-based MOS transistors
and integrated circuit chips. The area is now home to many of the world's largest
high-tech corporations, including the headquarters of more than 30 businesses
in the Fortune 1000, and thousands of startup companies. Silicon Valley also accounts
for one-third of all of the venture capital investment in the United States, which
has helped it to become a leading hub and startup ecosystem for high-tech innovation
and scientific development. It was in Silicon Valley that the silicon-based integrated
circuit, the microprocessor, and the microcomputer, among other technologies,
were developed. As of 2013, the region employed about a quarter of a million information
technology workers. As
more high-tech companies were established across San Jose and the Santa Clara
Valley, and then north towards the Bay Area's two other major cities, San Francisco
and Oakland, the term "Silicon Valley" has come to have two definitions:
a narrower geographic one, referring to Santa Clara County and southeastern San
Mateo County, and a metonymical definition referring to high-tech businesses in
the entire Bay Area. The term Silicon Valley is often used as a synecdoche for
the American high-technology economic sector. The name also became a global synonym
for leading high-tech research and enterprises, and thus inspired similar named
locations, as well as research parks and technology centers with a comparable
structure all around the world. Due
to the personal connection between people and computer technology, many headquarters
of companies in Silicon Valley are a hotspot for tourism. (Wikipedia) |